Abstract
El abandono de patrones dietéticos tradicionales, prehispánicos o ancestrales se ha relacionado con la realidad de que la población mexicana enfrenta un aumento en el porcentaje de habitantes que 1) desarrollan enfermedades metabólicas (como diabetes) y 2) padecen inseguridad alimentaria. Por ello, es sustancial el rescate de saberes y sabores ancestrales y el acceso universal al conocimiento de lo que el gremio científico alrededor del mundo ha reportado en torno a alimentos endémicos mexicanos sobre cómo impacta su consumo en la salud, así como su valorización en el desarrollo de dietas sostenibles. En este trabajo se realizó una prospección de 10 frutas y hortalizas endémicas de nuestro país: guayaba, nopal, nanchi, chile, tuna, chayote, pitaya, aguacate, papaya y guanábana. Los hallazgos más relevantes son destacados y presentados en la búsqueda del aumento en su consumo y la presentación de alternativas para que puedan ser aprovechados en casa aplicando economía circular.
References
Alonso-Villegas, R., González-Amaro, R. M., Figueroa-Hernández, C. Y., & Rodríguez-Buenfil, I. M. (2023). The genus capsicum: a review of bioactive properties of its polyphenolic and capsaicinoid composition. Molecules, 28(10), 4239. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104239
Arista-Ugalde, T. L., Santiago-Osorio, E., Monroy-García, A., Rosado-Pérez, J., Aguiñiga-Sánchez, I., Cadena-Iñiguez, J., Gavia-García, G. & Mendoza-Núñez, V. M. (2022). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of the consumption of powdered concentrate of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum in Mexican older adults with metabolic syndrome. Antioxidants, 11(6), 1076. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11061076
Babalola, B. A., Akinwande, A. I., Otunba, A. A., Adebami, G. E., Babalola, O., & Nwufo, C. (2024). Therapeutic benefits of Carica papaya: A review on its pharmacological activities and characterization of papain. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 17(1), 105369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105369
Cárdenas-Castro, A. P., del Carmen Perales-Vázquez, G., Laura, A., Zamora-Gasga, V. M., Ruiz-Valdiviezo, V. M., Alvarez-Parrilla, E., & Sáyago-Ayerdi, S. G. (2019). Sauces: An undiscovered healthy complement in Mexican cuisine. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 17, 100154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2019.100154
Cárdenas-Castro, A. P., Fernández-Ochoa, Á., Cádiz-Gurrea, M. d. l. L., Segura Carretero, A., & Sáyago-Ayerdi, S. G. (2023). Bioactive phytochemicals from avocado oil processing by-products. En M. F. Ramadan Hassanien (ed.), Bioactive phytochemicals from vegetable oil and oilseed processing by-products (pp. 403-430). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91381-6_18
Cárdenas-Castro, A. P., Sost, M. M., Gutiérrez-Sarmiento, W., Ruíz-Valdiviezo, V. M., Mateos-Briz, R., Sáyago-Ayerdi, S. G., & Venema, K. (2024). Analyzing the gut microbiota and microbial-associated metabolites of tomato-based sauces. Food Chemistry, 460, 140664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140664
Chan, W.-J. J., Beale, P., McLachlan, A. J., Hanrahan, J. R., & Harnett, J. E. (2024). The safety and tolerability of Annona muricata leaf product in people living with cancer: study protocol. Advances in Integrative Medicine, 11(3), 143-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aimed.2024.06.004
Chen, Y., Lei, Z., Gu, D., Zhao, H., Yu, R., He, Q., . . . Du, H. (2025). Gut microbiota: A potential enhancing factor for the therapeutic efficacy of bioactive compounds in herbal medicines. Fitoterapia, 183, 106570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106570
Chen, Y., Peng, Q., Lan, D., Yao, C., Chen, X., Wang, Y., & Qi, S. (2025)b. Capsaicin-activated autophagy protects BMSC function under oxidative stress: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 75(3), e250063. https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-25-0063
Deniz-González, P. d. J., Grageola-Núñez, F., Bautista-Rosales, P. U., Sánchez-Escalante, A., Ávila-Villarreal, G. M., Estévez, M., & Rodríguez-Carpena, J. G. (2025). Antioxidant activity and acute oral toxicity of soursop (Annona muricata L.) leaf and its effect on the oxidative stability of Mexican hairless pork patties. Foods, 14(18), 3212. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14183212
Doria, C. M. M., Mejía, F. F. O., & Cifuentes, A. L. D. (2025). Characterization of the dietary fiber obtained from chayote Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. var. virens levis. Food Chemistry Advances, 8, 101091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2025.101091
Duarte-Medina, D. J., Martínez-Flores, H. E., Tranquilino-Rodríguez, E., & Secundino, J. P. (2024). Hypolipidemic-hepatoprotective effect of a cookie added with Opuntia atropes cladodes and Opuntia joconostle fruits in a rat model. Future Foods, 9, 100306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fufo.2024.100306
García-Gurrola, A., Martínez, A. L., Wall-Medrano, A., Olivas-Aguirre, F. J., Ochoa-Ruiz, E., & Escobar-Puentes, A. A. (2024). Phytochemistry, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic properties of plant-based foods from Mexican agrobiodiversity: A review. Foods, 13(24), 4176. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13244176
Guo, Q., Wang, X., Yang, C., Yu, J., Cui, Q., Hou, X., ... & Zhang, Z. (2025). Assessment of in vitro digestion properties and prebiotic potential of chayote (Sechium edule) pectin. Food Bioscience, 69, 106781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106781
Hernández-Becerra, E., de los Ángeles Aguilera-Barreiro, M., Contreras-Padilla, M., Pérez-Torrero, E., & Rodríguez-García, M. E. (2022). Nopal cladodes (Opuntia Ficus Indica): Nutritional properties and functional potential. Journal of Functional Foods, 95, 105183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2022.105183
Hou, K., Wu, Z.-X., Chen, X.-Y., Wang, J.-Q., Zhang, D., Xiao, C., . . . Li, J. (2022). Microbiota in health and diseases. Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 7(1), 135. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-00974-4
Kussmann, M., Abe Cunha, D. H., & Berciano, S. (2023). Bioactive compounds for human and planetary health. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1193848. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1193848
Lappe-Oliveras, P., Fernández, R. A., Valadez-Blanco, R., Martínez-Monterrosa, Á., Linares, C. I. O., Casildo, R. M. T., . . . Giles-Gómez, M. (2025). Mexican traditional alcoholic beverages: Production process, history, economy, social, and scientific importance. En J. Prakash Tamang (ed.), Microbiology and Health Benefits of Traditional Alcoholic Beverages (pp. 145-240). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-13322-0.00005-8
López-Guzmán, G. G., Balois-Morales, R., Bautista-Rosales, P. U., & Jiménez-Zurita, J. O. (2023). Morphological and molecular characterization of nanche (Byrsonima crassifolia L.) native of Nayarit, Mexico. Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a10n3.3714
Martínez-Rodríguez, P., Malo-García, M., Hernández-García, S., Youssefi, S., Nateri, A. S., Guerrero-Rubio, M. A., & Gandia-Herrero, F. (2025). Betalain-containing foods and their antitumoral potential: A comprehensive review of in vitro and in vivo evidence. Trends in food science & technology, 163, 105150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2025.105150
Martins, T. A., Tovar, B. C. A., Pereira, J., de Sá, F. P., & de Oliveira, T. F. (2025). Removal of amoxicillin, phenol, and diethyl phthalate using activated carbon from murici seeds (Byrsonima crassifolia L. Kunth). Desalination and Water Treatment, 322, 101134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dwt.2025.101134
Mathpal, S., Priyamvada, P., Ashok, G., Joshi, T., Saha, D., Mukherjee, A., . . . Anbarasu, A. (2025). Network pharmacology-driven investigation of luteolin from Annona muricata as a promising multi-target inhibitor for pancreatic cancer. Results in Chemistry, 16, 102506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102506
Miki, K. S. L., Dresch, A. P., Cavali, M., da Silva, A. P., Marafon, F., Fogolari, O., ... & Bender, J. P. (2024). Influence of drying methods in the ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from Byrsonima crassifolia to evaluate their potential antitumor activity. Food and Humanity, 2, 100242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foohum.2024.100242
Mkhize, X., & Cele, T. (2025). A comparative analysis using a forest resource Opuntia ficus-indica L. (prickly pear) and Pyrus communis (common pear) a commercial fruit: Implications on nutrition and food systems sustainability. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 21, 101892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2025.101892
Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura. (2024). Major Tropical Fruits Market Review. Preliminary Results 2023. FAO. https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/c03844d3-3dc6-4465-abf3-8c49947e77d8/content
Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura. (s.f.). Datos de Seguridad Alimentaria. Consultado el 05 de octubre de 2025. https://www.fao.org/faostat/es/#data/FS
Park, S., Nam, Y. H., Rodriguez, I., Park, J. H., Kwak, H. J., Oh, Y., . . . Lee, J. S. (2019). Chemical constituents of leaves of Persea americana (avocado) and their protective effects against neomycin-induced hair cell damage. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 29(6), 739-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.08.004
Qaiser, A., Ali, S., & Manzoor, S. (2024). Prospects of Carica papaya in the treatment of human viral infections: A comprehensive and a systematic review. Heliyon, 10(21), e39635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39635
Sahal, A., Chaudhary, S., Hussain, A., Arora, S., Dobhal, A., Ahmad, W., . . . Kumar, S. (2025). A comprehensive review on the nutritional composition, bioactive potential, encapsulation techniques, and food system applications of guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaves. Grain & Oil Science and Technology, 8(1), 64-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaost.2024.12.003
Secretaria de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública y Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas. (s.f.). Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición. Consultado el 05 de octubre de 2025. https://ensanut.insp.mx/encuestas/ensanutcontinua2022/documentos_analiticos.php
Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera. Acciones y Programas. (2024). Anuario Estadístico de la Producción Agrícola. https://nube.agricultura.gob.mx/cierre_agricola/
Singh, A., Kaur, P., Kumar, M., Shafi, S., Upadhyay, P. K., Tiwari, A., . . . Kumari, S. (2025). The role of phytochemicals in modulating the gut microbiota: Implications for health and disease. Medicine in Microecology, 24, 100125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmic.2025.100125
Wahyuningtyas, A. P., Putri, D. P., Maharani, N., & Al-Baarri, A. N. m. (2022). Flavonoid fraction from chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw) leaves reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in hyperuricemic rats. Nutrition & Food Science, 52(2), 366-378. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-04-2021-0134
Zhou, X.-P., Sun, L.-B., Liu, W.-H., Zhu, W.-M., Li, L.-C., Song, X.-Y., . . . Gao, S.-H. (2024). The complex relationship between gut microbiota and Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review. Ageing Research Reviews, 104, 102637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2024.102637
Zou, X., & Liu, H. (2023). A review of meroterpenoids and of their bioactivity from guava (Psidium guajava L.). Journal of Future Foods, 3(2), 142-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfutfo.2022.12.005

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alicia Paulina Cárdenas-Castro, Sonia Guadalupe Sáyago-Ayerdi, Jorge Alberto Sánchez-Burgos, Nuria Elizabeth Rocha-Guzmán (Autor/a)
